Bibliographic Review Programs of Addiction Treatment
A bibliographic review makes on the models and programs of treatment used more frequently in addictions and, a general model of treatment considers. Addiction Treatment Center in Lahore.
Approaching the best in Addiction psychology treatments is Addiction Treatment Center in Lahore.
In the work that presents below outlines a psychotherapeutic treatment model. In additions that, using as referring to the Transtheoretical Model of Change of Prochaska and DiClemente. This integrates the different interventions and psycho-therapeutic techniques that uses in the treatment of people with drug-related problems.
As follows:
- psychoeducation,
- motivation,
- consciousness,
- managing of the craving,
- relapses prevention and
- other cognitive and
- behavioral techniques.
Relapses in drug use not understands without an approach to the concept of craving. In its first conceptions, the craving for consumption referred to irrepressible desire for the consumption or craving for the drug. It would represent a very intense desire for a concrete experience of some kind, such as eating, dancing or sex.
Impulse Of the Craving
The realization of the desire achieves with the consummation, the means of achieving it would be the consummatory act. The impulse conceptualizes as the instrumental consequence of the craving, the behavioral intention to be involved in a specific consummatory behavior. The goal of the impulse is to reduce the state that has instigated it (craving). Addiction Treatment Center in Lahore.
Consumption Impulses
The craving and consumption impulses tend to be automatic and become autonomous, that is, they can continue even if the person tries to suppress them, they not easily suppress. Given these characteristics, the craving approach is essential in the treatment of people with drug dependence problems.
Cravings
Cravings for consumption are the most important factors in therapeutic abandonment and are the cause of drops in consumption after long periods of abstinence, especially because they resurface during and after treatment. Addiction Treatment Center in Lahore.
Although there are some differences in the conceptualization of craving, there are several common elements in the different positions:
- The desire or craving for drugs is part of addiction;
- The desire intensifies if the individual receives the impact of signals associated with drug use;
- It is essential to teach patients to analyze, face and manage their desires, and observe how they disappear without the need for consumption.
Cognitive Psychology
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the study of craving. The contributions of cognitive psychology have increasingly played an important role in drug addiction research and treatment. Emphasizing the need to understand, regulate and interpret craving as part of a structured approach to treatment. Addiction Treatment Center in Lahore.
Reduce Craving Relapse
On the other hand, researchers and clinicians have reviewed classical conditioning as a mechanism that may underlie the drug user’s response to the drug-stimuli relationship, or cues, in the environment. Additionally, drugs such as naltrexone finds to reduce relapse among abstinent alcoholics, and some studies suggest that these drugs may also reduce craving relapse. Finally, the understanding of brain mechanisms underlying drug dependence and brain structures that may be associated with craving greatly expands.
Anti-Craving Medications
Treatment with drug addicts includes intervention in conditioning processes to prevent relapse during recovery. Cognitive-behavioral therapies provide patients with cognitive strategies to manage craving and craving-inducing situations. Treatments based on social networks (self-help groups) try to distract patients from the craving and improve their resistance mechanisms against the phenomenon. There are also «anti-craving» medications, which can help regulate the neurochemical processes related to craving.
Self-Efficacy and Addiction
The concepts of health and disease have evolved in recent years from a biological model to a holistic model. From this perspective, health and disease are the result of biological, psychological, and social factors.
Biopsychosocial Model
In this biopsychosocial model, both the improvement of health status and the prevention of diseases emphasizes. And it assumes that high levels of self-efficacy help control numerous diseases and addictive processes.
Self-Efficacy
Self-efficacy is a self-reported judgment of the ability to carry out a specific behavior or action, which influences the choice, achievement, and maintenance of healthy habits. Capacity or self-efficacy judgments are meaningless if the individual does not refer them to a specific circumstance in which to carry out a certain behavior. In the specific field of addictive behaviors, it understands as the degree of confidence that people to achieve and maintain abstinence in different risk situations.
Levels Of Self-Efficacy
Self-efficacy shown in different studies as an important determinant in the acquisition of healthy behaviors, which influences human health at 2 levels.
- At a first or basic level, through the judgment of people’s ability to face the various circumstances of life, through various biochemical mechanisms that are virtually mediators of states of health or disease, and
- At a second level, the Self-efficacy can exercise direct control over behaviors whose modification may lead to a better state of health.
Exposure To Potentially Stressful Situations
The exposure of a person to potentially stressful situations, before and after having acquired an adequate level of self-efficacy, has different consequences. Exposure to a stressful agent without the perception of being able to cope with it. Produces as follows:
- The activation of the autonomic sensory nervous system
- Release of catecholamines and
- Activation of the endogenous opiate system.
This causes an increase in the concentrations of corticosteroids, which can worsen cellular immunity and humoral, which increases susceptibility to disease. Addiction Treatment Center in Lahore.
Conclusion
If, on the other hand, the person faces such a stressful situation with the conviction of facing it successfully, they will not experience such alterations. The concept of self-efficacy is increasingly important in the prevention and treatment of different drug addictions.
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